Forensic Assessments for Youth Justice
What is a forensic assessment?
A forensic assessment is a specialized evaluation that combines principles of clinical psychology and forensic science to assess a youth’s mental health, behaviour, and risk factors related to legal involvement.
These assessments are typically ordered by the court and are designed to provide an in-depth understanding of the youth’s psychological wellbeing, developmental background, and factors that may contribute to their involvement with the justice system.
The information gathered helps the court make informed, evidence-based decisions about outcomes such as sentencing, treatment, or rehabilitation. In addition, the assessment provides a foundation for developing effective intervention plans to support the youth’s mental health and behavioural growth.
Why are youth forensic assessments important?
Youth crime is an area of ongoing concern in Canada. According to the Public Safety Canada portal, approximately 37% of youth report engaging in one or more criminal behaviours at some point in their lifetime.
Fortunately, most young people do not go on to become involved in the adult justice system — especially when early, targeted interventions are implemented.
Forensic assessments are grounded in the Risk-Needs-Responsivity (RNR) Model, which helps identify:
The risk of continued criminal behaviour
The needs that contribute to this risk
The most effective interventions based on the youth’s individual characteristics and circumstances
By assessing these factors, professionals can provide valuable recommendations to help youth reduce their risk of reoffending and support their long-term wellbeing.
Assessment Services
Forensic assessments are usually ordered by the court or requested by defence counsel. They involve a combination of:
One-on-one interviews with the youth
Psychological testing (when appropriate)
Interviews with collateral sources such as parents, service providers, or probation officers.
The goal of this process is to gain a comprehensive understanding of the youth’s mental health, behavioural patterns, and criminogenic risks — the factors that may increase the likelihood of reoffending.
Treatment Services
Youth in conflict with the law may also benefit from evidence-based therapy to address underlying mental health concerns or behavioural issues.
Approaches such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and family therapy have shown to be effective in helping youth develop new coping skills, manage emotions, and make positive changes in their lives.